PRINCE2® (Projects in Controlled Environments) is a well-established project management methodology that provides a structured approach to managing projects of all sizes. It is highly regarded for its flexibility, scalability, and focus on clearly defined roles and responsibilities.
While PRINCE2 is a robust project management methodology, its standard form may seem daunting for many SMEs. However, by adapting PRINCE2 to align with the unique needs and challenges of SMEs, these organisations can unlock the potential benefits without feeling overwhelmed.
So, how can SMEs effectively adapt PRINCE2 to manage their projects, ensuring that the methodology remains practical, efficient, and beneficial within the context of a smaller organisation?
Adapting PRINCE2 for SMEs
It is still possible to follow the PRINCE2 methodology while keeping it streamlined and simplified to meet the needs of SMEs, including time, resources, and budgets. Some strategies include:
Simplify documents
One of the common challenges SMEs face with PRINCE2 is the extensive documentation required. While documentation is essential for ensuring transparency and accountability, it can be overwhelming for smaller teams with limited resources. Instead:
- Focus on essential documents such as the business case, project plan, and risk register
- Use templates that are concise and easy to fill out, ensuring that documentation is quick to produce and maintain
- Consider using collaborative tools like cloud-based project management software to keep documents easily accessible and up-to-date
Tailor roles and responsibilities
The project team is often smaller in SMEs, and individuals may need to wear multiple hats. PRINCE2 defines specific roles, such as Project Manager, Project Board, and Team Manager, which may need to be adapted to fit the available personnel. Consider:
- Combining roles where appropriate. For example, the Project Manager might also take on the responsibilities of the Team Manager or Project Support
- Clearly define the key responsibilities for each role, even if they are shared among fewer people. This ensures that all aspects of the project are still covered
- Engage senior management in the project board role but streamline their involvement
Scale down processes
PRINCE2’s processes can be scaled down to match the complexity and size of the project. SMEs typically have smaller projects that may not require all stages to be as detailed as PRINCE2 prescribes. For example:
- Starting up a project: Combine this with the ‘initiating a project’ process to reduce the time spent on preliminary work
- Managing stage boundaries: Consider using fewer stages. For very small projects, a single stage may be sufficient, allowing you to focus on the end goal rather than multiple decision points
- Controlling a stage: Simplify reporting and control mechanisms, focusing on key milestones and deliverables rather than detailed stage controls
Emphasise agility
SMEs often need to be more agile and responsive to changes, which can conflict with PRINCE2’s structured approach. This is where PRINCE2 Agile® can be the ideal option for SMEs, as it emphasises the principle of “tailoring to suit the project environment” and allows the PRINCE2 methodology to be more flexible. Projects can have flexibility with the following:
- Adapting the level of control based on the project’s risk and complexity
- Allow for iterative development and feedback loops
- Be open to changing course based on new information or shifting business priorities
Focus on key elements
Not all PRINCE2 practices may be relevant for every SME project. Focus on those that are most critical to your project’s success, such as:
- Business case: Always keep the business case in focus to ensure the project delivers value
- Risk: Given the often-limited resources of SMEs, effective risk management is crucial
- Organisation: Ensure roles and responsibilities are clear, even if they are streamlined
- Quality: Define quality expectations upfront, but scale the processes for quality control to suit the size of the project
Use scalable tools
Tools and technology can help streamline PRINCE2 processes, making the methodology more accessible and easier to implement for SMEs. For example:
- Use project management software that supports PRINCE2 principles but is adaptable to the needs of SMEs, such as Trello, Asana, or Microsoft Project
- Automate repetitive tasks such as scheduling, progress tracking, and reporting to reduce the administrative burden on the project team
- Use cloud-based platforms to enable real-time collaboration and document sharing, ensuring all team members can access the latest information
Training and support
For PRINCE2 to be effective in SMEs, it is important that the team understands the methodology and how it can be adapted. Providing training and ongoing support can help ensure successful implementation. Training and support might include:
- Encourage team members to complete a PRINCE2 certification with our accredited training
- Provide ongoing support and coaching for team members who are new to PRINCE2, ensuring they understand how to apply it in a practical way
- Consider internal workshops to build confidence in using PRINCE2 and to share specific knowledge across the team
PRINCE2 provides a solid foundation for project management, but its full implementation can be daunting for small and medium-sized enterprises. By tailoring PRINCE2 to fit the specific needs, resources, and constraints of SMEs, project managers can harness its benefits while maintaining the flexibility and agility that smaller organisations require.
With the right approach, SMEs can ensure that their projects are well-managed, risks are mitigated, and business goals are achieved, all within a framework that suits their unique operating environment.